Investigation of the flow behaviour and local scour around single square-shaped cylinders at different positions in live-bed

Scour around non-circular cylinders has seldom been studied before. This paper aims to numerically investigate the flow behaviour and evolution of local scour two single square-shaped piers with 90 ° (square pier) 45 (diamond orientation angles under steady-current live-bed conditions. For this purpose, a coupled approach between hydrodynamic morphodynamic model is developed validated against experimental data sets. Hydrodynamic simulations reveal formation strong horseshoe vortices (HSVs) upstream square pier compared diamond pier. The simulation results show faster rate increase in depth pier, which leads deeper equilibrium hole. gives values normalized quasi-equilibrium depths S e q / w p = 1.94 1.00 for piers, respectively, where depth, pier's projected width steady current It discovered that impact other factors, such as bed material gradation, Froude number, Shields Parameter, well can be important shape factor study • Predicting different cross-section shapes live-bed. Developing hydro- simulate piers. Sediment transport including both bedload suspended-load models. Considering bluntness vortices.